On the afternoon of April 29, 2020, the "Global Port Development Report (2019)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") press conference and port development special lecture of the Shanghai International Shipping Research Center (SISI) Expert Forum series of activities, the first video conference It is held in the form of online live broadcast.
This meeting was led by Zhen Hong, Secretary-General of Shanghai International Shipping Research Center and Professor of Shanghai Maritime University, led the report preparation team. Zhao Nan, Assistant Secretary-General of SISI and Director of the Institute of Port Development, presided over the meeting and released the "Report".
When interpreting the "Report", Xie Wenqing, assistant to the director of the SISI Port Development Institute, discussed the global port development environment, production status, global terminal operator development status, terminal investment and construction, and the impact of Indian shipping policies on port development in 2019. Port supply chain and cross-border e-commerce cooperation model, global terminal operators' anti-risk ability and investment, global cruise port development trend analysis, etc., made a detailed analysis of the report content.
When talking about the development trend of global ports in 2020, Xie Wenqing believes that due to the global pandemic of the new crown pneumonia epidemic and the surge in shipping costs under low-sulfur oil, the growth rate of global economic and trade will drop sharply in 2020, and the growth rate of global port throughput may decline. . The specific manifestations are: Asian ports may face negative growth, American and European ports continue to decline, and Australian ports have stagnated.
At the same time, the port investment market has been downturn in the short term. The specific manifestations are: Asian port construction is relatively stable, a new round of construction of East US ports will be shelved, the pace of China's port construction will gradually slow down, and the demand for automated terminal construction may increase.
In terms of global terminal operators, the "Report" believes that there will be a wave of integration, mainly because terminal operators sell assets to promote integration. Judging from the production capacity changes and operating conditions of major global terminal operators such as COSCO SHIPPING Ports, China Merchants Ports, Dubai Global Ports, Maersk Terminals, Singapore International Ports, and Hutchison Ports, the overall growth rate of global terminal operators is improving.
When predicting the development trend of the port supply chain, Xie Wenqing said that in the future, more attention will be paid to comprehensive customized services for customers. For customers, the greatest benefit brought by the integration of related services is a "seamless" logistics experience.
For service providers, the wider the service coverage, the higher the service fee they can earn. And the extension of supply chain services upstream and downstream also means more customized service solutions and a wider customer base.
At the same time, the port supply chain is also showing a trend towards online development. This not only provides convenience for coordinated development, but also puts forward higher requirements for the response speed of the logistics supply chain itself.
How does the port supply chain develop in coordination with cross-border e-commerce?
Xie Wenqing concluded that the essence of the coordinated development of the port logistics supply chain and cross-border e-commerce is the deep integration of the port industry towards the global logistics supply chain market.
Specifically, in the face of inevitable trends such as decentralization, order fragmentation, and flat supply chain, the port supply chain must seize the opportunity of the "Internet of Everything" era. In the future, cross-border trade can provide "end-to-end" integrated logistics services through third-party cross-border e-commerce platforms.
Taking advantage of the agglomeration effect of the e-commerce platform, port supply chain service providers need to extend insurance, banking and other service providers on the basis of combining ports, shipping companies, terminals, freight forwarders, warehousing, customs declarations, and fleets, and develop cross-border-centric supply Chain ecology. At the meeting, Professor Zhen Hong also communicated and shared with online guests on hot topics.
First, the development of port enterprises has shown a trend of networked layout in sea and land. Global terminal operators have strengthened their control over sea port networks and the layout of inland dry ports to extend port service functions to the inland.
The second is to create a "process and process" connection, build a port-centric logistics supply chain, and provide a "flexible service" port that is more responsive to changes in market demand.
The third is to strengthen the joint development of Hong Kong and the city. For example, the current port area has become an important support for port development, and a three-zone development model of "port area + logistics park + port industrial park" can be created.
Fourth, the port's sustainable development model can be developed in the direction of "resource-saving + environment-friendly".
Fifth, a smart port with full coverage of information and data collection capabilities and advanced digital technology application capabilities will be the only way for future port development.
It is understood that this series of "Reports" has won the second prize of China Ports Association Science and Technology Progress Award. In the "2019 Global Shipping Report" recently released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, relevant data from the "2018 Global Port Development Report" was also quoted. .